Specification encyclopedia · LOD 100–500 without folklore
LOD levels in BIM
Level of Development (LOD) describes how reliable and complete a model element is for a stated use. It is not a visual style setting. LOD must be paired with Level of Information (LOI) and a purpose statement — otherwise “LOD 400” becomes a marketing adjective.
LOD 100–500 in plain language
| LOD | Meaning (practical) | Scan-to-BIM note |
|---|---|---|
| 100 | Concept / massing | Rarely a scan deliverable |
| 200 | Generic placeholders | Useful for early space planning from coarse scans |
| 300 | Defined assemblies for coordination | Common renovation target for arch/struct |
| 350 | Interfaces with adjacent systems detailed | Strong for congested MEP corridors |
| 400 | Fabrication-level detail | Only where scan + purpose justify it |
| 500 | Verified as-built | Requires documented verification |
Write an LOD matrix (template logic)
Rows = element categories (walls, slabs, ducts, cable trays…). Columns = LOD, LOI fields required, tolerance, inclusion rules, responsible party. Attach the matrix to every Scan-to-BIM proposal.
How LOD changes price and schedule
Jumping from LOD 300 architecture-only to LOD 350 full MEP can multiply effort more than area increases. Buyers should tender with the matrix, not with “LOD 400 everywhere.”
LOD vs LOI — stop mixing acronyms
LOD is about reliability of the element for a use. LOI is information richness. Define both in the BEP. Do not paste “LOD 400” onto a schedule column and assume fabricators are safe.
Scan-to-BIM LOD examples that prevent arguments
- Walls to unfinished face vs finished face — pick one.
- Duct: insulation included in OD or separate?
- Steel: connection details modelled or schematic with survey points?
- Terrain: TIN referenced or modelled as topography?
Frequently asked questions
What is LOD 300?
LOD 300 typically means elements are defined with accurate quantity, size, shape, location, and orientation suitable for coordination — still not necessarily fabrication-ready.
What is LOD 500?
LOD 500 is field-verified as-built. In Scan-to-BIM, only elements actually checked against reliable reality data should carry that claim.
Need this delivered — not just explained?
Scan to BIM Studios is both an encyclopedia and a delivery studio. If you came here to understand LOD levels in BIM and now need a model, a pilot, or a scoped quote, talk to the same people who write for depth.